The Test of Genotype Adaptation of Several Garlic Varieties on the Highland

Abstract

This study aims to determine the growth patterns of four types of local garlic (Allium sativum L.) and to obtain the adaptive appearance of the agronomical characteristics with maximum tuber weight in two different altitude places. The research was conducted in the Borah garlic farmer garden, Wiyurejo village, Pujon subdistrict, Batu city with an altitude of 1200 m above sea level, daily temperature of 15-20C and average rainfall of 21.400 millimeter/year and in the UB pilot garden of Cangar, Tulungrejo Urban village, Bumiaji Sub district, tourism city of Batu with an altitude of 1600 m above sea level, daily temperature of 17.5-22.8C and average rainfall of 2733 millimeter/year/year. The experimental design used was a Nested completely randomized design. The parameters observed were measuring plant variables consisting of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, tuber diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight and tuber dry weight (tons per hectare). The results showed that the best growth pattern occurred at an altitude of 1600 m above sea level with 10 weeks after planting/meters sea level (weeks after planting). On the other hand, the highest weight is found in the type of Atsabe (3.932ton ha^-1) but not significantly different from Saigon (3.735ton ha^-1) at altitude of 1600 m above sea level as well as genotype of Saigon (3.628ton ha^-1) and Atsabe (3.355ton ha^-1) at altitude of 1200 m above sea level. Besides that, the highest percentage of allicine is found in the varieties of Atsabe (19.18%) and the lowest is found in the varieties of Sembalun (4.87%) at an altitude of 1200 m above sea level. For the growth and productions of local garlic plants from the four varieties, it is recommended to use Saigon and Atsabe genotypes at altitudes of 1600 m above sea level and 1200 m above sea level.